Red Hat Linux file system

Red Hat Linux file system :–

File system of any operating system used to be the structure, in which all the information on our system is stored. The file system is organized in hierarchy of directories, which may contain files or the sub-directories as well. These file system types determine how the information can be stored as files or as directory. In Linux there are following types file system, which we generally use: ext3, swap, LVM and RAID.

Linux file system structure –

Red Hat Linux organizes file into directories. The standard directories are as follows…

/ - This is top level root directory. The remaining directories are kept below this root (/) directory, i.e. these are sub-directories of root directory.

Note: / is different from root. Both are pronounced as root, but former is directory while later is a user with administrative privileges.

/root: The administrative user's home directory. Mind the difference between /, the root directory and /root, the home directory of the root user.

/home: This directory is place for keeping all the user’s home directories except root user.

/dev: This directory will list all available device drivers. Contains references to all the CPU peripheral hardware, which are represented as files with special properties.

/mnt: It contains the mount points of removable media, like /mnt/cdrecorder

/etc: It contains the basic Linux configuration files related to passwords, X window and daemons etc.

/boot: It stores the file and commands to boot Linux on our system.

/bin: It has all the basic command line utilities.

/lib: It lists program libraries, which may be needed by different applications or Linux kernel.

/proc: It includes the kernel related processes which are running currently.

/initrd: It configures one empty directory which is used by Initial RAM disk during boot. We should not delete this directory; else we will not be able to boot the Linux system.

/sbin: It contains commands for system administration.

/var: It contains log file and print spools etc. Storage for all variable files and temporary files created by users, such as log files, the mail queue, the print spooler area, space for temporary storage of files downloaded from the Internet, or to keep an image of a CD before burning it.

/usr: It contains programs and data which is available to all the users. Programs, libraries, documentation etc. for all user-related programs.

/temp: Temporary space for use by the system, cleaned upon reboot, so don't use this for saving any work!

/lost+found: Every partition has a lost+found in its upper directory. Files that were saved during failures are here.