Permissions
–
#chmod –
As
shown in the output of ls -l command above, each and every file has the
permissions associated with it. These permissions are defined for three types
of persons namely- the owner of the file, the group members of the owner, and
all other persons who are not the members of the group whom this owner belongs
to. Let us have a look on following line:
-rwxrw-r-- 1
root root 468
Aug 8 07:15 file1
Permissions are defined
within first ten characters of the above like output from ls -l.
normally, the first character can either be - or d, - represents that it is a
file while d represents a directory. Remaining characters are grouped in set of
three characters which are r (read), w (write), and x (execute).
In the above example first
three characters are rwx which means owner of the file has all the permissions
on file1. Next three characters are rw- which will mean the group members will
have read and write permission on file1 but not execute permission
on it. The last set is r—which will mean that others will only have read
permission on file1 but they will not have write and execute
permission on file1.
Note –
The default permission for file is 664 and for
directory 755.
The value of permission –
444 are set the read only
permission:-
7 : rwx
0 : no permission
6 : rw
4 : r only
2 : write x
#chmod –
This
command is used to set permission of the file.
Example –
Chmod 700 filename
7 for owner
0 for group owner
0 for every one
#chown –
This
command is used to set the permission for the owner.
Example –
#chown root filename
Syntax:-
Chown command for change owner ship
root presented owner.
#chown ram: ram
name.conf
We can set the permissions
by using chmod command. For example, for setting the permissions as above us
can run the following command:
#chmod 764
file1
We can use the following
example to find any type of permission, we want to set.
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